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Integrated modeling system offers advantages over a huge monolith model in addressing diverse issues in energy and environment modeling for a vast country like India. It utilizes the inherent strengths of strong individual top-down and bottom-up models that are best suited to address specific energy and environment issues. The Integrated modeling system soft links these models through consistent and...
An end-use energy demand model has been developed to evaluate policy options to reduce CO2 emissions. The model can evaluate relations between CO2 emissions and energy consumption technologies. It can also analyze effects of introducing various reduction policies, such as imposing carbon taxes and granting subsidies. Under various policy options, CO2 emissions were projected through 2010 in Japan...
The complex dynamics between energy, emissions and economy have increasingly attracted modelling studies over the past decade. In this paper, we briefly describe two top-down models that were adapted for India and show some key results from them. Working with more than one model gives us a better understanding of the differences in model structures and puts us in a good position for appreciating the...
We present the main structure of the Greenhouse Gas Emission Model for Korea (GEMA-K), which is developed by IGES to cover the countries in Asia (Greenhouse Gas Eission Model for Asia: GEMA). We describe our estimation methods for the component equations of the energy demand module and the key parameters such as fuel substitution elasticities and technical change parameters entering the computable...
With the progress of scientific knowledge on climate change, it is clearly recognized that efforts must be made to reduce GHG emissions. Future scenarios for GHG emission should be analyzed. However in China local pollution is getting serious with the rapid economic development. Policy to control local environment problem is urgent to be conducted. In order to explore the benefit of policies on both...
The Indian fertilizer industry accounts for nearly 15% of the total energy consumed in the industrial sector. Being energy-intensive, this sector releases a significant amount of CO2 to the atmosphere. A dynamic programming model has been developed for the Indian fertilizer industry to project energy demand and CO2 emissions. This model is used to analyze the energy -environment implications of fertilizer...
This paper deals with the simulation of the implications for the economy of Colombia of the Kyoto Protocol on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. The Protocol proposes three flexibility instruments for reaching at a lower global cost the reduction targets: the Clean Development Mechanism and Joint Implementation that would permit developing and developed countries to co-operate on a project by...
This paper addresses the policy concerns of a regulatory authority for mitigating emissions from the existing thermal electric utilities over short-run. A utility’s optimal dispatch plan under an emission tax regime imposed by the regulator has been modelled as a non-linear formulation. The simple structure of the problem is exploited by applying Lagrangian relaxation to arrive at an implementable...
Two distinct pairs of secound order symmetric dual programs are considered and appropriate duality theorems are established under η1-convexity/η1-concavity and η1-pseudoconvexity η2-psecoudoconcavity of the kernel function K(x,y). Assuming the additional hypothesis of skew symmetry for K(x,y) these programs are shown to be self dual. Also, it is observed that for a particular kernel function, both...
Location-Arc Routing Problems (LARPs) are encountered in contexts where it is necessary to simultaneously determine a traversai of a subset of edges and arcs of a graph and to also locate facilities on the graph. The main LARP applications arise in the areas of postal delivery, garbage collection and road maintenance. This article surveys the main LARP applications and algorithms.
For generalized fractional programming problem involving preinvex, semi-preinvex or arc-connected convex functions, saddle-point type optimality criteria is given in terms of generalized Lagrangian function. A dual is also formulated and certain duality theorems are established.
We have compared the performance of selected schools in the Netherlands in this paper using Data Envelopment Analysis. The motivation for the study originated from some apparent discrepancies of the existing practice, and from our interest in identifying a better method for the comparative analysis. We have found that the DEA efficiencies of schools are in line with their performance. We then identified...
In this paper, a new unidimensional search scheme called Identric mean (IM) scheme is proposed. Numerical results on five test functions show that the proposed IM method is superior to the existing RMS method in the literature.
In this article, we consider the analysis of a continuous review (Q, r) inventory model with a mixture of back orders and lost sales, assuming Weibull distribution for the lead time demand (LTD). The use of generalized λ-type distribution (GLD) in approximating the LTD is demonstrated. Through numerical studies, optimal values of the policy parameters are obtained under GLD approximation method, the...
This survey paper consisits of three parts: first of them contains some definitions, results and examples from abstract convexity. Applications of abstract convexity to numerical methods of global optimization are discussed in the second part. Applications of these methods to data classification is the subject of the third part.
This paper deals with two shops (primary and secondary) inventory models of deteriorating items under single management. After replenishment, fresh and deteriorated units (measured in amount) are separated first, then fresh units are stocked and sold from the primary shop with a profit, whereas the deteriorated units are continuously transferred to the secondary shop as and when they are deteriorated...
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